这本书的名字叫 Learn HTML 4 In a Weekend，因为现在在做WEB程序开发，所以从网上下了一堆英文资料，这本书写得很是有趣，所以打算翻译出来，供想自己做网页的朋友参考，希望对大家能有用。虽然只要一个周末就能学会做HTML，但俺翻这本书可能要几周，嘻嘻.... 一个周末学会HTML4(第四版） Introduction The Web is not just for surfing but is a two-way medium that enables users to be both consumers and producers of information. Anybody who surfs the Web can also create and produce Web pages that others can surf. Web pages are created using HTML, but many users shy away from learning it because they think it is only for techies and programmers. What they don't realize is that HTML is not a programming language; it is a markup language. In fact, HTML was conceived from the beginning as something the average user can easily learn and use. HTML is for everyone! Over a single weekend, the average user can easily learn enough about HTML to create effective and attractive Web pages. Anyone can learn HTML―in a weekend! 简介 WEB不光是让大家来在信息的海洋中冲浪的，它是一种双向的媒体，允许大家既是信息的消费者，同时又可以是信息的创造者。每一个在WEB上冲浪的人都可以自己制作网页供别人在上面冲浪。通过使用HTML可以很轻松的来制作网页，但很多人却不敢去学它。因为他们认为WEB只能由技术人员或程序员才能制作。他们没有意识到HTML并不是一种程序设计语言，它只是一种标记语言。事实上，HTML从一开始就被设计成可以被绝大多数人很容易学会的语言。HTML本来就是为所有人设计的！仅仅通过一个周末，大多数人就可以很容易的学到足够的HTML知识，能够创建出有用而且吸引人的网页。一个周末就学会HTML，每个人都可以！ Who Should Read This Book Using earlier editions of this book, an eight-year-old boy has learned to use HTML, an 80-year-old man has learned to use HTML, and a grandmother from Ireland has learned to use HTML. I've even heard from programmers and software engineers who had been stumped until they read my book! They were all amazed that learning HTML was so easy and so much fun. Many readers have written me that they approached learning HTML with dread, believing that it was a difficult and technical topic, but discovered instead that learning HTML was not only easy, but a total blast! It does not matter which platform you're using―Windows, the Macintosh, or Linux. All of the example files used in this book are available for download from this book's Web site in Windows, Macintosh, or Unix/Linux formats. Although most of the screenshots used in this book have been made using Windows, I've included many tips, notes, and other bits of helpful information for both Macintosh and Unix/Linux users. 谁应该阅读这本书 通过阅读这本书的前几个版本，一个8岁的男孩学会了使用HTML，一个80岁的老爷子也学业会了使用HTML，并且一个爱尔兰的老婆婆也学会了使用它！我曾从一些程序员和软件工程师听说在他们阅读我的书之前也曾被HTML难倒。他们很惊讶原来学习HTML竟然如此简单和有趣。更多的读者写信给我，说他们带恐惧去学习HTML，结果却发现原来学习HTML竟然如此容易，岂止是容易，简直只象刮阵风。 不管你使用何种平台，Windows,Macintosh(苹果机的平台），或者Linux.所有本书中的示例文件都可以从这本书的WEB站点下载到合适的版本。对苹果系统和UNIX/LINUX系统的用户，我特意提供了一些技巧，注意事项和另外一些有用的信息。 What You Need to Begin You don't need anything more than what you already have to learn HTML and start creating your own Web pages. All you need is a simple text editor, such as Windows Notepad or SimpleText on the Mac, and a current graphical browser. You don't even need to be connected to the Web to create your own Web pages, although you will need to be connected if you want to publish them. In other words, you don't need to spend a bunch of money on software and you don't need to spend even more money every year and a half to upgrade that software. 你需要准备些什么来开始学习 只要你已经决心学习HTML来创建你自己的网页，你就不再需要任何其它的东西。一个简单的文本编辑程序，比方说windows中自带的记事本(notpad)或者mac机器上的simpleText，当然，你的机器上肯定也会有一个图形浏览器。你甚至不需要连接到网络来创建你的网页，当然，如果你打算发布你的网页，你就需要连接到网络。也就是说，你不需要花费大把的钱在软件上，你也不需要花更多的钱来升级那些软件。 What Can You Do in a Weekend? Now, I'm not going to promise that you are going to learn everything about HTML in a single weekend. That would be selling snake oil. In a single weekend, however, you can learn everything you need to know to start creating your own effective and attractive Web pages! I've included a lot in my book, but many of the sessions are optional or bonus sessions that you can choose to do this weekend if you have the time and energy, or you can leave them for another weekend. You only need to complete the first two HTML tutorials to learn everything you need to know to start using HTML right away to productively create your own Web pages. Everything else is frosting on the cake! I have heard from many readers who have completed the whole book in a single weekend. One reader even stayed up all night and completed the whole book in 24 hours! He said it was like eating peanuts and he just couldn't put it down. I won't lie to you, however; I've set a very ambitious schedule for you, so don't feel that you have failed if you cannot complete every single session in one weekend. 一个周末，你能做些什么？ 我不能保证你通过一个周末就能学会HTML的全部，否则就是在卖骗人的万金油。嘿嘿。我可以保证的是，只用一个周末的时间，你就可以学会如何创建你自己的激动人心的网页。 我在这本书里包括了许多东西，但是某些章节是可选的或赠送的。只要你有时间和精力，在这个周末你也可以完成它，当然，如果你愿意，留下一些部分给另一个周末也不错。想要立刻开始使用HTML来创建自己的网页，你只需要完成最初的两个HTML教程就能学会你需要的一切。剩下的部分只不过是小菜一碟！呵呵 我听说过许多读者在一个周末就完成了这一整本书！一位读者甚至一夜没睡，在24小时内就完在了这本书！他说就象吃他最喜欢吃的花生，只要开始吃起来就再也放不下。我并不是在对你撒谎，我为你设计了一个雄心勃勃的时间表，所以你不用担心完不成这些章节。 How You Will Learn This book teaches HTML using a graduated fast-track approach. That means that you only need to do as much as you have the time and energy to do, and you can go just as fast or as slow as you want to go. Exactly how much you'll be able to complete this weekend depends on your learning style, the time you put in, and the effort you put forth. You are free to be the tortoise or the hare, depending on your learning style. Remember, it is not how fast you get there that matters, but what you get there with. This book does not assume any prior knowledge. Every step or procedure you need to complete is clearly explained. Readers of all levels of experience, from total beginners to computer professionals, have used my book in the past to learn HTML and create their own Web pages. Although some degree of prior computer experience and a working knowledge of basic computer operations, as well as some familiarity with using a Web browser, is helpful and will make your learning curve a little less steep, even a complete computer dunce can, with a modicum of patience and persistence, learn everything needed to start creating Web pages―in a weekend! 你将如何开始学习？ 这本书通过循序渐进的方式教你使用HTML。这意味着你只需要根据你的时间和精力去学习，只要你愿意，你可以按你的节奏去学习。这个周末你能完成多少，要看你有多少时间，你付出了多少努力，以及看你的学习风格。按自己的意愿去做，快点或慢点都没关系。记住，你所在意的不是有多快学到了那儿，而是学到那儿时你真正学到了有多少东西。 这本书假设你没有一点儿预备知识，每一步和每一段代码你要完成的我都做了清晰的解释。有经验的和没有经验的读者，从彻头彻尾的初学者到计算机专业人员，都已经通过阅读我的书学会了创建自己的个人站点。尽管一定程度的电脑使用经验和基本电脑操作知识，比如说熟悉使用WEB浏览器，有助于你获得略微陡的学习曲线（学得比较快！），即使你是一个完全的电脑生手，只要你有一点点耐心坚持下去，你就能够学到你做个人网页所需要的一切，在一个周末内！ What This Book Covers This book breaks down the process of learning HTML into easily achievable modules. Each session should take about two hours to complete, but feel free to take longer if you need to: Friday Evening: Getting Oriented― Read background information on what HTML is and how it has evolved over time. Review what software tools you need to complete and preview this book's examples, as well as optional software tools that may be helpful. Download the example files to your hard drive that you will be using in the Saturday and Sunday sessions. Saturday Morning: Creating a Basic Web Page― Learn all of the basics you need to know to create a basic, but fully functional, Web page. Understand what elements, tags, and attributes are and how to use them. Use a simple text editor and your browser to create, edit, and preview HTML documents. Create top-level and other basic HTML elements, including a page title, level-one heading, text paragraphs, bold and italics, hypertext links, horizontal rules, line breaks, and an address block. 这本书里有什么？ 这本书将学习HTML的过程压缩到很容易完成的几个模块中。每个小节只需要约两个小时就可以完成，当然你也不必要有压力，只要你愿意，你也可以多花些时间。 周五的晚上：了解HTML的一些背景知识及它的发展历史。回顾你需要的那些软件工具及预览一下本书的例子，有可选的软件工具就更有帮助。下载这些示例文件到你的硬盘，这些文件将在周六和周日的小节中用到。 周六的上午：创建一个基本的网页-学习你需要的所有的基础知识来创建一个基础的，但全功能的网页。理解什么是元素，标记，及属性，并学会使用他们。使用一个简单的文本编程器和你的游览器来创建，编辑预览网页文件。创建最高阶的及其它基础的HTML元素，包括网页标题，一级标题，文本段落，黑体字和斜体字，超文本链接，水平线，换行，和地址块。 Saturday Mid-Day: Creating a More Advanced Web Page― Learn how to create document menus that jump to sections in your page. Create bulleted and numbered lists, hypertext links, and link lists. Create superscipted footnote links. Insert inline images and special characters. Use relative URLs to link to files and images in multiple folders. Saturday Afternoon: Dressing Up Your Pages― Add a keyword list and a description that search engines can use to index your page. Use graphics, fonts, colors, and backgrounds to create more visually effective Web pages. Create floating images with text flowing around them. Create thumbnail image links. Set font sizes, colors, and faces. Display a background color or background image. Saturday Evening Bonus: Working with Tables― Define rows and columns, captions, column and row headings, and data cells. Set column widths, align cell contents, and span rows and columns. Define borders, set colors, and display background colors and images. Create indented icon link lists using tables. 周六中午：创建一个相当高级的网页-学习如何创建文档菜单以跳到你网页的另一个部分。创建无序和有序的列表，超文本链接及链接列表，及上标和下标链接。插入行内图片和特殊字符，使用有关的URL来链接到不同文件夹内的文件和图片。 周六下午：修饰你的网页-加入一个关键字列表及描述以便搜索引擎能通过它们链接到你的网页。使用图片，字体，颜色，和背景来创建视觉效果更好的网页。设置字体大小，颜色和界面。显示背景色或背景图片。 周六晚上的奖励：用表格来工作-定义行和列，表格标题，列标题及行标题。设置列宽，表格内容对齐方式，及学习跨行和跨列。定义表格边界，设置颜色，显示背景色和背景图片。使用表格创建分级图标链接。 Sunday Morning: Working with Frames― Create two-column, two-row, combination row/column, and other framed page layouts. Create links in one frame that control the content in another frame. Create framed pages that are search-engine friendly. Sunday Mid-Day: Working with Forms― Create user-input forms using text boxes, radio buttons, check boxes, list menus, text area boxes, and submit and reset buttons. Sunday Afternoon: Working with Styles― Use Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to gain full control over the appearance of Web pages and sites. Set margins, padding, borders, colors, and backgrounds. Set any font size and change the font face for any element. Create dynamic rollover links. Create CSS-styled Web pages that are both backward- and forward-compatible. Sunday Evening Bonus: Creating Page Layouts― Create multi-column page layouts using tables and styles, including two-column and three-column layouts that feature mastheads, sidebar menus, and footers. 周日上午：学习使用框架-创建左右分割，上下分割，综合分割及其它框架分割形式。在一个分割区创建链接控制其它链接内容显示在另一个分割区。创建友好的搜索引擎框架页。 周日中午：学习使用WEB窗体（WEB表单）-使用文本框、单选钮，多选框，列表菜单，文本编辑区域、提交按钮和清除按钮来创建用户输入表单。 周日下午：学习使用样式表（CSS）-使用CSS来获得对整个站点所有WEB页面的外观控制。设置页边空白，页面填充，边界，颜色和背景。对任意网页元素设置字体大小及改变字体外观。创建动态活动链接。创建CSS风格的完全兼容的网页（向前及向后兼容）。 周日晚上的奖励：创建页面布局-通过使用表格和样式表创建多列的页面布局，包括两列及三列布局，页头，页脚，及工具条。 Appendixes― Consult an HTML quick reference and special character chart. Create your own Web graphics. Add GIF animations, audio, inline video, hit counters, and site search forms. Learn how to find a Web host, register a domain name, and transfer your Web pages to the Web using FTP. 附录-一个HTML快速参考及特殊字符表。创建你自己的WEB图像。添加GIF动画，声音，视频，点击率统计，及站点搜索表单。学习如何发现一个WEB主机，注册域名，并通过FTP将你的网页上传到互连网。 What's New in the 4th Edition? Although the responses to the previous editions of Learn HTML In a Weekend have been very positive, there's always room for improvement. The 4th Edition has been thoroughly updated and revised, reflecting many of the suggestions and responses I've received from readers of the previous editions. Here are some of the improvements to this edition: The book can now easily be used by users of any platform, with all example files available for download in Windows, Macintosh, and Unix/Linux formats. New "mid-day" sessions have been added to increase the number of sessions that can be done over the weekend from seven to nine. The sessions have been streamlined so that they should take only one to two hours to complete. Only the first two HTML sessions are required to meet the objective of the book; all of the other sessions are optional. The book has been updated to teach HTML 4.01, the latest HTML standard. The reader learns to create valid HTML 4.01 pages, validate Web pages using the W3C's HTML Validator, use CSS styles in place of deprecated elements and attributes, and create accessible Web pages that are both backward- and forward-compatible. 第四版里有哪些新东西？ 尽管这本书的以前版本已经获得读者的充分肯定，但书总是有改进的空间。第四版（本书）得到全面的更新和修订，以前读者的建议和回应在本版中得到了充分的体现和响应。下面是这版中的一些改进： 这本书现在很容易的被各平台的用户使用，并且为各平台的用户都提供了示例文件。 新的mid-day小节被添加进来，这增加了小节的数目，从七小节变成了九小节。小节被改进为只需要一至两个小时即可完成。要达到本书的目标，只有最初的两个HTML小节是必须的，其它的各个小节都是可选的。 这本书现在已经更新到教你使用HTML4.01，最新的HTML标准。读者将学习如何创建规范的HTML4.01网页，规范的网页使用W3C的HTML标准，适当的使用CSS样式表等有争议的元素和属性，来创建前后兼容的网页。 Current browsers now enable the creation of Web pages that conform to Web standards, largely eliminating the need to use non-standard code and cross-browser tricks to achieve particular effects. This edition places a strong emphasis on teaching the current HTML standards (HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.0). Instances where non-standard code may still be required, to ensure backward-compatibility with earlier browsers, for instance, will be clearly identified. Practical real-world examples are now used in the book so you can more easily apply what you learn to future projects. All examples are focused on creating effective, attractive, and accessible Web pages. Coverage of creating your own Web graphics has been updated to include coverage of the latest techniques used by Web professionals to create their own Web graphics. Coverage is included of using a variety of different popular image-editing programs, including Paint Shop Pro and Adobe Photoshop. Examples are provided for creating your own banners, logos, buttons, and balls. Optimizing images for display on the Web is thoroughly covered. 目前的浏览器允许符合WEB标准的网页，很大程度上排除了非标准的代码和跨浏览器的特殊效果支持。这版特殊强调教你使用当前的HTML标准（HTML4.01和XHTML1.0）。非标准的代码实例仍有需求，为了保证向后兼容早期的浏览器，在例子中均进行了明确说明。 本书中用到很多现实世界的练习例子，所以你能够很容易的将这些你学到的东西用到将来的项目中。所有的例子都致力于创建有效的，吸引人的并且容易访问的网页。 本书覆盖了被专业网站广泛使用的网站图片最新技术，你可以利用这些技术创建你个人网页中的个性图片。本书还包括使用当今流行的几种图片编辑程序，包括Paint Shop Pro和Adobe PHOTOSHOP。本书中提供了创建自己的Banner，LOGO，按钮的实例，优化网页图片显示的技术也被彻底的包括到本书中。 The HTML Quick Reference is now a true A-to-Z quick reference, rather than being broken up into sections, making it much easier to find an element. The Special Characters appendix has increased coverage of using Unicode characters in Web pages. Increased coverage of using styles is included, with a focus on using styles to create valid accessible HTML Web pages that do not use deprecated elements and attributes. A companion Web site for the book is available at the publisher's Web site from which all example files used in the book can be downloaded. The author has also created a reader-support page where readers can find FAQ, additional downloads, and resource links, and query the author if they have questions the book does not answer. HTML快速参考现在做到以字母顺序A-Z的快速引用，胜过过去的分为不同小节的方式，这将让你更容易的找到自己想查阅的元素。 特殊符号附录现在新增了常用的UNICODE字符。 样式表的使用被增加进来，本书致力于使用样式表创建规范的易于访问的网页，不再使用那些有争议的元素和属性。 在出版社的站点上有一个本书配套的WEB站点，本书中所有的例子都可以从那里下载。作为作者本人也创建了一个读者支持页面，在那儿读者可以找到FAQ（常见问答），额外的下载，资源链接，及询问作者自己遇到的本书中未提到的问题。 Special Features of This Book This book uses a number of icons and typographical conventions to make your job easier as you work through the sessions. They're used to highlight and call your attention to notes, tips, cautions, buzzwords, and additional resources located on the Web. Here are some examples of what you'll see. 本书中的其它特性： 这本书使用了一些图标及印刷上的惯例，以方便你更容易的阅读。提示，技巧，注意，强调，及网上的附加资源，它们经常被强调以唤起你的注意。下面是你将会看到的部分示例： Note Notes are food for thought as you work through the tutorials. They bring up points of interest and other relevant information you might find useful as you develop your abilities with Web publishing and HTML. 提示：提示是你在学习过程中的精神食粮。它提醒你要注意这些信息，在你以后的页面开发中这些相关信息会很用。 Tip Tips offer helpful hints, tricks, and ideas to apply as you progress in the learning process. 小技巧：提供一些有用的小窍门，和不错的点子。 Caution Cautions warn you of possible hazards and point out pitfalls that typically plague beginners. 注意：提醒你一些初学者容易犯的毛病。 BUZZ WORD Buzzwords are terms and acronyms that you should keep in mind as you develop and expand your Web publishing skills. 强调词：是一些术语及缩写，这些东西你应该烂熟于心。 FIND IT ONLINE This icon marks resources or tools located on the Web that might be helpful to you in your Web publishing endeavors. 到网上去找： 这个图标标识了网络上的一些资源和工具，将有助于你以后的WEB开发。 Visit This Book's Web Site FIND IT ONLINE Visit the author's support site for this book at www.callihan.com/learn4/ to download the example files, read frequently asked questions, access additional resources (Web page templates, Web graphics, and fonts), find resources and tools, view pages created by other readers, and query the author if you run into any problems you can't solve on your own. You can also download the example files used in the book directly from the publisher's Web site at www.premierpressbooks.com/. Just click the Downloads for All Books link in the sidebar and scroll down the Downloads page until you find Learn HTML 4 In a Weekend, 4th Edition. The example files are available for download in Windows, Macintosh, and Unix/Linux formats. 访问本书的网站： 网上去找 访问作者的支持站点在 www.callihan.com/learn4/ 以下载示例文件，常见问答，访问附加资源（网页模板，网页图片，及字体），发现一些有用的资源和工具，参观其它读者创建的页面，询问作者你遇到的难题。 你也可以从本书的出版社网站下载这些示例，出版社的站点是：www.premierpressbooks.com/.只要点击工具条上的下载页面，然后在下载页面上查找，直到你找到 Learn HTML 4 In a Weeked 4th Edition. 可下载的示例文件有多种格式以支持Windows,Macintosh,及Unix/Linux。