Stack: Basic Body alignment with the hips and shoulders stacked over the down hill foot.
堆叠:臀部和肩部叠在山下脚上方的基本身体姿势
Lead Change: When the body is stacked properly over the downhill foot the uphill knee naturally advances forward. The leading knee changes as the weight shifts onto the new downhill ski
引导变换:当身体正确叠在山下脚的上方时,山上腿的膝盖是自然前出的。随着重心转移到新的山下板时,引导膝盖也发生了变化。
Transitions: The weight shifts from down hill ski to the new downhill ski using lead change with out up weighting and down weighting.
转换:利用引导变换将重心从山下板转移到新的山下板上,没有重心的上下移动。
Knee Roll: As the weight shifts onto the new ski the knees roll into the angle of the new turn.
膝盖转动:随着重心移到新的雪板上,膝盖转动到下个回转的角度。
Knee Angle: The ski is put on edge with knee angle not hip angle. This allows the knees to bend freely up and down.
膝盖角度:雪板要置于膝盖的角度而不是臀部的角度。这样能使膝盖自由的上下弯曲。
Weight Shift: The body should be in a non banked stance. The shoulders should always stay over the downhill ski.
重心移动:身体不能处于一种非堆叠(non banked stance?)的姿势。肩部一定要始终位于山下板的上方。
Shin Pressure: Shin pressure should be maintained at all times on the front of the boot.
胫骨压力:任何时候一定要保持对雪鞋前沿的胫骨压力。
NonBraced Stance: To increase sensitivity and free range of motion the body should not be bracing against it self in any way.
非绷紧的姿势:为了增加敏感度和做动作的范围,身体不能绷紧。(身体不能处于任何一种被别住的姿势)?
Center of Mass: The center of mass which is just below the belly button should always be projecting down the hill.
身体中心:身体中心是位于肚脐下方的位置,应该始终朝向山下。(是否就是丹田的位置啊?)
Parallel Shafts: The legs should create parallel shafts under the center of mass with the uphill ski and the down hill ski tracking together.
平行的轴:双腿和两只雪板在身体中心下方建立一对平行的轴,山上板和山下板的轨迹要一致。?
Opposing Hip Drive: The uphill hip should drive down the fall line.
反向臀部驱动:山上侧的臀部要驱向滚落线。(这句话简单,实际中该怎么理解?)
Turn Placement: Turning happens on the top and backside of the moguls.
转向的位置:转向要在包的顶部和背部。
Absorption and Extension
吸收和伸展
Foot Containment: As the knees bend and absorb the feet pull back underneath the center of mass to keep the body stacked properly.
脚的牵引(?):随着膝盖的弯曲,将脚拉回到身体中心的下方以保持身体正确的堆叠姿势。
Reverse Bicycle: The motion of foot containment is similar to pedaling a bike backwards
反蹬自行车:脚的牵引动作很像反着踩自行车
Center of Mass Moving Through: When absorbing and extending the center of mass should always be moving down the fall line.
身体中心的移动:当吸收和伸展的时候,身体中心要始终沿滚落线向下运动。
Punch: The tips of the skis should push powerfully down the backside of each mogul. The legs extend for the next mogul in an aligned position.
冲击:雪板的头部要有力的向下推向每个包的背部。腿要以一种直线姿势(aligned position?)的伸展开以迎接下一个包。
Release: The body should be in stacked position when the skis make contact with the face of the mogul so that tension can be released in the legs allowing the knees to absorb the mogul.
释放:在雪板接触到包脸的时候,身体要处于堆叠的姿势,这样才能用腿来释放压力并用膝盖来吸收雪包。
Touch: If the body is aligned properly the impact will be very light on the face of the mogul, because the knees will be able to absorb the impact.
接触:如果身体姿势正确,在包脸部受到的冲击就会很小,这是因为膝盖能够吸收冲击。
Tip Touch: The releasing, absorption process should happen the second the tips make contact with the mogul.
板头接触:释放/吸收的过程要在板头接触雪包后发生。
Hip Clearing: The hips and center of mass should always clear the top of the mogul as the tips of the skis punch down the backside of the mogul.
臀部扫过:在板头向下冲击包背的时候,臀部和身体中心要扫过包顶。 ?
Hip Projection: The hips and center of mass should always be projecting down the fall line.
臀部投向(?): 臀部和身体中心要始终沿滚落线向下。
Passive Active: Ryan Riley is more of a passive style skier. He maintains a good body position and looks very relaxed. Shupletsov was more of an active skier who was able ski with a lot of knee angle and absorption. Shupletsov appeared to actively pull his feet underneath his center of mass.
被动/主动:Ryan Riley是一个较被动一点的选手,他总能保持一个很好的身体姿势看上去很放松。Shupletsov是一个较主动的选手,他在滑雪时有更大的膝盖角度和吸收,看上去他能更主动的将膝盖拉回到身体中心的下方。
Anticipation: Setting up the body into a stacked position early in the extension process so that the legs are able to release the second the tip makes contact with the mogul.
预设:在伸展过程中就先将身体设定成堆叠的姿势,这样当板头接触雪包后时腿就可以释放。(腿的释放?)
Pre Jumping: Prejumping the face of the mogul pumping with heavy contact on the backside. This is a technique to gain speed in the moguls.
提前跳:提前从包脸跳起后重重的落到包背上。这是一种滑猫跳时取得速度的技术。
Effective Range: The range of motion used when the knees move up and down. The range can be adjusted according to the size of the moguls and the pitch of the terrain.
有效范围:膝盖上下移动的范围。这个范围可以根据包的大小和间距来调整。
Air
空中
Approach: Spot the jump early, control speed three bumps early, the last two moguls before the air are key for setting up balance.
接近:提前定位起跳点,提前三个包控制速度,跳起前的最后两个包是设定平衡的关键。
Vision: A loose focus should be kept on the jump on the approach and a loose focus should be on the landing and the next three moguls after the take off.
视线:在接近和起跳时要以一种放松的注意力放在起跳上。在起跳后要将放松的注意力放在着地点和后三个包。 (loose focus ?意思应该是不能太集中注意力?)
4 Point Take Off: Both poles should touch lightly on top of the jump on take off. This helps square the body to the fall line.
四点起跳:在起跳时两个雪杖要接触起跳点的顶部,这能使帮助身体平直的正对滚落线。
Bink: A light 4 point take off on the jump so that the hands do not fall behind the center of mass.
Bink(?):柔和的4点起跳,手不能落在身体中心的后面。
Take off Extension: The legs should be fully extended on top of the jump.
跳起后伸展:在起跳的最高点,双腿要完全伸展开。
Shin Pressure: When approaching the transition of the jump the shins should be pressing into the boots with the center of mass stacked over the ball of the foot.
胫骨压力:当接近起跳点时,要将胫骨压进雪鞋,同时身体中心叠在前脚掌上。(?)
Hips Up: During the take off extension the hips should come all the way up into a symmetrical position.
臀部在上:在起跳伸展时,要始终保持臀部以一种对称的位置向上。?
Symmetry: When executing the tricks in the air the body should stay in a symmetrical position with the shoulders "T'd" off with the rest of the body.
对称:当在空中完成特殊动作时,身体要保持对称的姿势,肩膀和身体的其他部分呈“T”型。
Spotting: When approaching the top of the jump the eyes should spot forward over the jump with a loose focus.
定点:当接近跳跃的最高点时,眼睛要以放松得焦点越过起跳点看到前面。?
Timing; The take off extension should be timed to give the maximum lift off the top of the jump.
时间点:起跳伸展要在能获得最大提升力的时间点上。
Relaxing into the Center: When landing in the moguls it is important to relax into the center of mass.
向身体中心放松:当在雪包中着地时,要向身体中心放松很重要。
Big Air Projection: When executing the take off extension concentrate on projecting the body up into the air.
?:当在做起跳伸展时,要全神贯注于将身体向上投向空中。
Upper Body and Vision:
上半身和视线
Arm box: The arms should form a box in front of the body with the hands in line with the elbows
臂盒:双臂要在身前形成一个盒子,手和肘部成一条直线。
Square Shoulders: The shoulders should square up to the fall line.
平肩:肩膀要保持对滚落线平直。
Down Hill Shoulder Drive: The shoulder over the downhill ski should be driving down onto the downhill ski.
山下侧肩膀驱动:山下板的上方的肩膀要驱向山下板。?
Back Side Pole Plants: The basket of the pole should reach for the downhill side of the mogul in front of you.
包背点杖:雪杖要伸到你前方雪包的山下侧。
Pulling Down the Hill: The pole swing should be early. It is a sensation of being pulled down the fall line with the pole plants.
拉下山:雪杖的摆动要及早。要有一种被点杖拉下滚落线的感觉。
Suppression: Pulling down with the shoulders. Settling into the center of mass.
压制:向下拉肩膀,拉向身体中心。?
Soft Focus: Focusing down the fall line with out spot fixation.
软焦点:注意力放在滚落线上,而不是固定的一点。
Spot Fixation: Looking at one spot in a mogul line and loosing the flow of motion.
视点固定:视线固定在雪包线上的某一点而导致动作不稳定。
Opposite Hand Drive: The hand that is not planting should be driving down the fall line.
反侧手驱动:没有点杖的手要驱向滚落线。
Light Pole Plants: Pole plants should be used as a timing device. They should not be used for balance.
轻点杖:点杖是用作时间点控制,不是用做帮助保持平衡。
Relaxation: The upper body should be relaxed.
放松:上半身要放松。
Grip: Pole straps should be wrapped around the hand. The grip on the pole should be light using the wrist to swing the basket of the pole forward.
握杖:雪杖的腕带要绕在手上。握杖要轻,用手腕将雪杖头摆向前。
Athletic Skiing
比赛
Flowing Focus: The mental focus in a competition run that enables the mind and body to flow while skiing down the run.
连贯的注意力:注意力集中在赛道上,使得在滑下赛道时精神和身体都连贯。
Non-Thinking: Letting thoughts go during a competition run so that the body can ski.
不要思考:在赛道上不要思考,让身体去滑雪。
Top to Bottom Focus: Visualizing a run from top to bottom with air. Focusing through mistakes.
从顶到底的注意力集中:将赛道从头到尾在心中形象化,包括空中。不要将注意力定在错误上。
Skiing Through Mistakes: Skiing through mistakes in training so those mistakes do not paralyze the focus during competition runs.
滑过失误:训练中要在出错后继续滑,这样在比赛中出现失误就不会干扰注意力。
Paralysis by Analysis: Focusing on one point during a run and losing the flow.
分析麻痹:注意力集中在一点上而导致动作不连贯。?
Self-Talk Key Words: Use one key word to keep the focus flowing.
自言自语:自己说个词以保持注意力流动。
Visualization: Learn to visualize competition runs from top to bottom. This can take some practice.
形象化:学习将赛道从上到下在心中形象化。需要一些练习。?
Trust Your Stuff: Trust yourself to let go of your thoughts when you are in the competition gate. The thinking is done during training.
相信自己:在赛道出发点上,要相信自己,不要去思考。思考放在训练的时候。
Speed Relaxation: The key to going fast is to breathe and relax into the center of mass.
速度放松:速度更快的关键是用身体中心去呼吸和放松。